1. Circuit Design

(1) When confirming the usage and installation environment, as capacitors used within the rated performance range specified in the product sample design specification, the following situations should be avoided:

a) High temperature (using at a temperature exceeding the maximum operating temperature). The operating temperature of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor should not exceed the set range of the maximum operating temperature. The lifespan of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor depends on the operating temperature. Generally speaking, when the operating temperature of an electrolytic capacitor is reduced by 10°C each time, its lifespan will double. Therefore, aluminum electrolytic capacitors should be used at a lower temperature as much as possible.

b) Overcurrent (current exceeding the rated ripple current)

c) Overvoltage (voltage exceeding the rated voltage). Do not continuously apply an overvoltage. When the voltage is overloaded, the leakage current of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor will increase rapidly. Therefore, the working voltage of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor should not exceed the rated value.

d) Applying reverse voltage or alternating voltage. Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are generally polarized. Reversing the polarity is the cause of short-circuit damage and leakage of aluminum electrolytic capacitors. Therefore, when the polarity on the electrical circuit cannot be identified or when used in a circuit with a polarity conversion design, non-polarized electrolytic capacitors should be selected.

e) Using in a circuit with repeated and rapid charging and discharging. Frequent and rapid charging and discharging will cause the internal temperature of the capacitor to rise abnormally, increase the leakage current, reduce the capacitance, and sometimes even cause damage to the product. If there are special requirements for the charging and discharging characteristics, please contact our technical staff.

In addition: 

1. When designing the circuit, please select capacitors with a lifespan equivalent to that of the machine.

2. When there are special requirements for the machine's performance, you can discuss with the R&D personnel to manufacture and use special capacitors.

(2) The capacitor housing, auxiliary terminals, positive and negative electrodes, and the circuit board must be completely isolated.

(3) When the insulation of the capacitor sleeve cannot be guaranteed, do not use it in places with specific grounding performance requirements.

(4) Please do not use the capacitor in the following environments:

a) An environment where it is in direct contact with water, saltwater, oils, or where there is condensation. 

b) An environment filled with harmful gases (such as chlorides, H₂S, H₂SO₃, HNO₃, Cl₂, ammonia water, etc.)

c) In an environment exposed to direct sunlight, ozone, ultraviolet rays, and radioactive substances;

d) In a harsh environment where the vibration and shock conditions exceed the specified range in the sample and instruction manual;

(5) When designing the installation of the capacitor, the following items must be confirmed:

a) The distance between the positive and negative poles of the capacitor must match the distance between the holes on the circuit board;

b) Ensure that there is a certain space left above the explosion-proof valve of the capacitor. For electrolytic capacitors with an explosion-proof hole design, the side of the explosion-proof hole should maintain a space distance of at least 3mm from other mechanisms during use. If this condition cannot be met, the anti-solder hole will not be able to function properly.

c) Try to avoid wiring and installing other components above the explosion-proof valve of the capacitor;

d) On the circuit board, there should be no other wiring at the installation position of the capacitor;

e) Try to avoid designing and installing heat-generating components around the capacitor and on the circuit board;

(6) In addition, when designing the circuit, the following items must be confirmed:

a) Changes in temperature and frequency will not cause changes in electrical performance.

b) Do not apply a ripple current that exceeds the allowable value of the rated maximum ripple current. When an excessive ripple current is applied to the electrolytic capacitor, the internal temperature of the electrolytic capacitor will increase significantly, causing deterioration of the electrical properties and damage to the electrolytic capacitor. If there is a requirement to apply a ripple current exceeding the rated value, please contact our technical staff.

c) When installing capacitors on a double-sided printed circuit board, avoid redundant board holes and vias at the installation positions of the capacitors;

d) The current should be balanced when two or more capacitors are connected in parallel.

2. Component Installation

(1) When installing, please abide by the following:

a) In order to conduct spot checks on the capacitor and measure its electrical performance, except for the removed capacitors, do not reuse the capacitors that have been powered on after being installed in the machine.

b) When a regenerative voltage occurs in the capacitor, it is necessary to discharge it through a resistor of about 1KΩ.

c) When an electrolytic capacitor has been placed for a long time, generally its leakage current has a tendency to increase. Therefore, before using an electrolytic capacitor that has been placed for a long time, it is necessary to apply the rated voltage first to restore its electrical characteristics to normal. If the storage time is longer than 6 months, please connect a 1KΩ protection resistor in series and let it continuously bear the rated working voltage for 30 minutes. In addition, electrolytic capacitors should be stored in an environment of normal temperature and normal humidity.

Confirm the specifications (such as capacitance and rated voltage) and polarity before installation.

e) Do not let the capacitor drop to the ground. Do not reuse the dropped capacitor.

g) The distance between the positive and negative poles of the capacitor must match the hole pitch on the circuit board.

h) The mechanical force of the automatic insertion machine should not be too large.

2. When soldering, please confirm the following:

a) Be careful not to let the solder adhere to areas other than the terminals.

b) The soldering conditions (temperature, time, number of times) must be carried out according to the specified instructions. Inappropriate soldering temperature and time may cause abnormal shrinkage and cracking of the surface rubber tube. Sometimes, high temperature can also conduct heat to the inside of the element through the lead pins and terminals, having an adverse effect on the product. Therefore, try to avoid soldering at too high a temperature and for too long a time.

c) Do not immerse the capacitor itself in the solder solution.

d) When soldering, do not let other products fall and touch the capacitor.

(3) The post-soldering treatment should not generate the following mechanical stresses:

a) The capacitor tilts or twists.

b) The capacitor touches other circuit boards.

c) Let other objects collide with the capacitor.

(4) Do not apply excessive external force to the mechanical strength of the lead pins and terminals. Do not lift or move the entire PC board by using the electrolytic capacitor soldered to the PC board as a force application point.

(5) Do not clean the capacitor with a cleaning agent. However, if it is necessary to clean the capacitor, the cleaning must be carried out within the range specified in the product specification.

(6) For aluminum electrolytic capacitors that need to be cleaned, the following items must be determined:

a) Cleaning agent pollution management (conductivity, pH value, specific gravity, moisture content, etc.)

b) After cleaning, do not store it in the cleaning solution environment or in a sealed container. Use hot air (below the maximum temperature) to dry the printed circuit board and the capacitor to ensure that no cleaning solution components remain.